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Biology, too, has emphasized many interdependent processes,
for example, symbiosis (organisms mutually in life supporting relationship).
Biologist, Dr. Hans Selye, father of the stress concept, concluded
decades of stress research by suggesting a teleology at work. Teleology,
as he put it, "is the viewpoint that Nature prefers one thing
happen over another." While this may make sense, when we think
about it, there were many scientists who objected to this view because
it confounds some statistical assumptions about randomness in Nature.
Yet, developmental psychology, while not focusing on ontology, did
offer support to the teleology perspective. While, analytic (Freudian)
psychology and behavioral psychology have been primarily manipulative
in style, developmental psychology has been more descriptive. What
it has been describing is a sequence of stages for the developing
human, beyond physical development. It has described an innate or
inborn sequence for mental and emotional development.
Building from this, developmental psychology extends to propose
stages of social and moral development as well.
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Here is a basis for what I would call 21st Century ontology.
The 21st Century human being is not separate from Nature, rather
embedded in it. This human is not separate from its animal nature
and is thus concerned about habitat and has empathy with other living
creatures. With the new biology and Quantum physics perspective,
this human is more than nothing but an isolated bundle of parts.
This human is interconnected to Nature and an interacting part of
Nature. The Quantum human's local actions have impact at often unexpected
distances. Much recent talk of globalization finds examples such
as decision-making problems in the Japanese banking system, which
cause a loss of employment in remote Canada. Globalization and the
internet can best understood as paralleling organic systems such
as neural networks of the brain.
Thus with this 21st Century view of ourselves in the world:
We can not exploit, families, tribes, cultures or Nature without
impacting the whole. Since we are part of the whole, we too
are impacted. Moreover, we are not isolated, separate organisms
and our sense of aloneness or adversarial tendencies are not natural,
although they may be normal.
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